The essence of the concept and main indicators of international trade

Abstract

It is determined that the mechanism for implementing international relations is the international market as a form of established economic relations, such as international capital flows, international trade, international technology transfer, international settlements and currency transactions, and international migration. However, the main form of international relations is international trade. It is both a prerequisite and a consequence of the international division of labour. It is noted that the main factors of international trade development are the following: deepening and spreading of the international division of labour and internationalisation of production; implementation of the results of the scientific and technological revolution, which is realised in the renewal of fixed capital, production of new types of products, emergence of new sectors of the economy and renewal of traditional ones; intensification of TNCs' activities in the international market; liberalisation of international trade on a multilateral basis, which is manifested in the elimination or reduction of tariff and non-tariff restrictions, formation of It is also noted that international trade in goods and services is measured by the following indicators: the level of exports (the level of exports is determined by the ratio of exports of goods and services to the volume of gross domestic product); the level of imports (the ratio of imports to gross national product in order to determine the import dependence of the economy of a particular country); structure of exports (the structure of exports reflects the share of certain groups of goods in the volume of exports, and the goods that account for the largest share of goods can be determined by the